apart housing design, period of nordic classicism regarded being brief, surpassed more continental style - in banks , other office buildings - typified frosterus , pauli e. blomstedt (e.g. liittopankki bank building, helsinki, 1929). in reality, however, synthesis of elements various styles emerged. nevertheless, late 1920s , 1930s there significant move towards functionalism, inspired french-swiss architect le corbusier, examples closer hand, again sweden, such stockholm exhibition (1930) asplund , sigurd lewerentz. however, @ time, there architects attempted articulate dissatisfaction static styles, sigurd frosterus , gustaf strengel had criticised national romanticism. pauli e. blomstedt, had designed significant buildings in nordic classicism style, became vehement critic, writing sarcastically in 1928 essay architectural anemia nordic classicism s sense of taste , @ time when had endorsed white functionalism:
there no difference between architect , fashionable tailor. dress designers travel each spring parisian fashion houses, , architects make trip stockholm or gothenburg every , , find there latest novelties of season, is, if have not been published in our revue des modes , byggmästaren journal or architekten journal. window frames, ready-made colonnades , bitter-sweet colours, complete interiors can find way finland. have developed during last few years, , facades , ciytscapes made harmonious! s many say. ...let add circles - called medallions - between windows on floors, , demonstrate sensitive artistry, find delicate dangling clothesline of garland, or flattened-out meander, or gilt star, extremely elegant solution.
blomstedt himself died prematurely in 1935, aged 35. significant vehicle development of modernism in finland contemporary, alvar aalto, friend of asplund key swedish architect sven markelius. latter had invited aalto join congrès international d architecture moderne (ciam), ostensibly run le corbusier. aalto s reputation significant contributor modernism endorsed involvement in ciam , inclusion of works in significant architectural journals worldwide significant histories of architecture, notably in second edition (1949) of space, time , architecture secretary-general of ciam, sigfried giedion. aalto s significant buildings period of modernism, corresponded theoretical principles , architectural aesthetic of le corbusier , other modernist architects such walter gropius, include turku sanomat newspaper offices, turku, paimio tuberculosis sanatorium (1932) (part of nationwide campaign tuberculosis sanatorium construction) , viipuri library (1927–35). central functionalism paying close attention how building used. in case of aalto s paimio tuberculosis sanatorium, starting point design, himself claimed, make building contributor healing process. aalto liked call building medical instrument . instance, particular attention paid design of patient bedrooms: these held 2 patients, each or own cupboard , washbasin. aalto designed special non-splash basins, patient not disturb other while washing. patients spent many hours lying down, , aalto placed lamps in room out of patients line of vision , painted ceiling relaxing dark green avoid glare. each patient had own specially designed cupboard, fixed wall , off floor aid in cleaning beneath it.
another key finnish modernist architect period, had gone through nordic classicism, , briefly in partnership aalto - working on design of turku fair of 1929 - erik bryggman, chief among own works being resurrection chapel (1941) in turku. however, giedion importance of aalto led in move away high modernism, towards organic architecture - , giedion saw it, impulse lay in natural formations of finland. though these organic elements said visible in these first projects, became more apparent in aalto s masterpiece house design, villa mairea (1937–39), in noormarkku - designed industrialist harry gullichsen , industrialist-heiress wife maire gullichsen - design felt took inspiration frank lloyd wright s fallingwater (1936–39), in pennsylvania, usa. though when designing luxury villa, aalto argued felt villa mairea provide research building standardisation social housing.
the shift or transition nordic classicism functionalism said have been sudden , revolutionary, aalto s turku sanomat newspaper offices , paimio sanatorium, employs such distinct modernist features use of reinforced concrete construction, steel strip windows , flat roofs. shift in aalto s design approach classicism modernism epitomised viipuri library (1927–35), went through transformation classical competition entry proposal (1927) completed high-modernist building, following delays in project, yet still retaining many of ideals of original idea. traces of nordic classicism naturally continue synthesized functionalism , more idiosyncratic individual style, well-known example being erik bryggman s mature work, resurrection chapel in turku, dating late 1941. indeeed, in major study of finnish architecture during period, albeit particular emphasis on aalto, greek historian-theoretician demetri porphyrios, in sources of modern eclecticism (1983), argues organic ordering of aalto s mature works makes use of same heterotopic ordering - i.e. juxtaposition of contrary elements - evident in nordic national romantic architecture end of 19th , beginning of 20th century; example, works of eliel saarinen.
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