Nutritional value of Digitaria exilis Digitaria exilis

1 nutritional value of digitaria exilis

1.1 mineral content
1.2 effect of processing on nutritional values of digitaria exilis
1.3 digitaria exilis , gluten
1.4 effect of agricultural practice on nutritional values of digitaria exilis
1.5 volatile compounds
1.6 physicochemical properties
1.7 chemical composition

nutritional value of digitaria exilis

digitaria exilis holds high nutritional value humans. nutritional value of decorticated fonio 1470 kj , whitened fonio 1430 kj per 100 gram. nutritional value of product high without suffering taste. furthermore, source of fibres , phytonutrients.

digitaria exilis holds high nutritional value humans. contains methionine , cysteine, 2 amino acids important human survival. these 2 amino acids, however, lacking in wheat, rice, maize, , other cereal crops. moving amino acid level macromolecule level, d. exilis, compared other cereal crops, has greater protein, carbohydrate, , fiber content. digitaria exilis has more protein , fiber content rice. additionally, d. exilis has more carbohydrate content millet, sorghum, , maize. therefore, nutritional benefit d. exilis outweighs nutritional benefits other similar cereal crops.

content of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins , minerals of digitaria exilis compared other cereals (% dry weight)

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mineral content

d. exilis shows mineral contents in range of other cereals (table 1). contains more sulphur other cereals , concentrated in grain , not in husk. methionine, built sulphur, accumulated in fonio twice amount compared corn or millet , 3 times compared rice. of minerals concentrated in husk therefore lost while hulling. remaining fatty acids in decorticated grain unsaturated fats linoleic , oleic acid. present saturated fat palmitic acid. has been reported digitaria exilis optimal food people having diabetic problems. .

mineral content of digitaria exilis, decorticated , whitened

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effect of processing on nutritional values of digitaria exilis

there several factors can alter pre-existing high nutritional content. 1 method distorts nutritional composition of d. exilis extensive processing required bring edible state. during milling, outer layers of grains removed, , these layers nutrients located. therefore, loss of outer layers of grains, there loss in nutrient content. result, iron, zinc, , phytate concentrations present in edible form of d. exilis reduced in abundance relative respective concentrations before processing.

digitaria exilis , gluten

the coeliac disease intolerance prolamine, called gluten in wheat, can cause chronic small intestinal problems. fonio closer sorghum , rice wheat, , therefore not contain sequence of amino acids cause intolerance. fonio therefore interesting crop people suffering coeliac disease.

effect of agricultural practice on nutritional values of digitaria exilis

additionally, nutrient content , yield of d. exilis can affected soil nutrition present in varying climatic conditions of west africa, d. exilis grows. through experimentation, seen nitrogen concentration in soil has greatest affect on nutrition , productivity of d. exilis. when nitrogen added soil in limited quantities excess of potassium , phosphorus, productivity of d. exilis increased 22%. such significant results not observed, however, when either potassium or phosphorus added soil excess nitrogen , phosphorus, or excess nitrogen , potassium, respectively. on contrary, when nitrogen, phosphorus, , potassium added soil in equal , moderate quantities, greatest amount of yield , nutrition seen. overall trend seen result of low rainfall , poor soil conditions d. exilis naturally grows in.

additionally, farmers evaluated d. exilis landraces on key agricultural characteristics. these included ease of processing, productivity, grain size, , facility of harvesting among many others. based on evaluations given these farmers, can seen agronomic traits (traits allow greater ease of growing farmers) of d. exilis having big , long stem, having long panicle lots of grains, , having large grain size. these traits allow easier growing , harvesting farmers.

from evolutionary biology standpoint, information nutritional content of d. exilis, factors modify nutritional content, , agronomically important traits can of importance under artificial selection of d. exilis. digitaria exilis landraces exhibit greatest amount of nutrition , display agriculturally important qualities can further cultivated under improvement. result, digitaria exilis can serve perennial crop provide human species food security in future.

volatile compounds

one of things makes digitaria exilis such sought after grain chemical composition. digitaria exilis important source of nutrition because rich in methionine, amino acid vital human health. since digitaria exilis such important part of people s nutrition, researchers wanted find out made taste good. volatile compounds used determine contributed flavor of digitaria exilis. found digitaria exilis contains several amino acids readily react monosaccharides form alkylpyrazines. there 3 types of volatiles: formed starch degradation, formed reactions between starch , proteins, , formed through lipid oxidation.

physicochemical properties

one of things makes digitaria exilis unique physicochemical properties. physicochemical properties of digitaria exilis can differ depending on if starch natural or succinylated. ph of succinylated digitaria exilis lower of natural digitaria exilis. because of molecules introduced succinylation resembled of acetylation. while succinylation decrease ph of starch, can increase of properties such bulk density , water absorption capacity. difference in bulk density caused particle size decreasing bulk density increases. succinylation increases water absorption capacity of starch indicates helpful in food products such dough.

chemical composition

compared starches d. iburua , eleusine coracana, digitaria exilis has more branched molecules. important finding because although has more branched molecules, has fewer chains other starches unusual chemically. aside these differences, other chemical characteristics similar rice not surprising because digitaria exilis , rice both starches of a. crystalline type. additionally, microstructure of digitaria exilis studied, , discovered similar grain millets. researchers found digitaria exilis abundant in protein bodies , of protein located towards center of cell. specific structure of digitaria exilis analyzed , found surrounded thin bracts , 2 glumes. caryopsis, type of fruit contains pericarp fused thin seed coat, of digitaria exilis contains several layers serve purpose of protecting endosperm , embryonic tissues.

the composition of fonio can differ depending on part of world in. main differences in protein , fiber content. information useful in giving people dietary advice if diet lacking protein or fiber.