Pre-Romanesque Architecture of Germany

the 9th-century torhalle (gatehouse) @ lorsch abbey unique survival of carolingian era.

the pre-romanesque period in western european art dated either emergence of merovingian kingdom in 500 or carolingian renaissance in late 8th century, beginning of 11th century romanesque period. german buildings period include lorsch abbey. combines elements of roman triumphal arch (arch-shaped passageways, half-columns) vernacular teutonic heritage (baseless triangles of blind arcade, polychromatic masonry).

one of important churches in style abbey church of st. michael s, constructed between 1001 , 1031 under direction of bishop bernward of hildesheim (993-1022) chapel of benedictine monastery. built in so-called ottonic (early-romanesque) style. ottonian renaissance minor renaissance accompanied reigns of first 3 emperors of saxon dynasty, named otto: otto (936–973), otto ii (973–983), , otto iii (983–1002).