Architecture Presbyterianism

cold spring presbyterian church near cape may, new jersey, rebuilt 1823



fourth presbyterian church (chicago), built 1914

early presbyterians careful distinguish between church, referred members, , meeting house, building in church met. until late 19th century, few presbyterians ever referred buildings churches. presbyterians believed meeting-houses (now called churches) buildings support worship of god. decor in instances austere not detract worship. presbyterian meeting-houses extremely plain. no stained glass, no elaborate furnishings, , no images found in meeting-house. pulpit, raised accessible staircase, centerpiece of building. these not standard characteristics of mainline presbyterians. these more of wave of presbyterians influenced puritans , simplicity.

in late 19th century gradual shift began occur. prosperous congregations built imposing churches, such fourth presbyterian church of chicago , fifth avenue presbyterian church in new york city, , many others.

usually presbyterian church not have statues of saints, nor ornate altar more typical of roman catholic church. instead, 1 find communion table, on same level congregation. there may rail between communion table , chancel behind it, may contain more decorative altar-type table, choir loft, or choir stalls, lectern , clergy area. altar called communion table , altar area called chancel presbyterians. in presbyterian (reformed church) there may altar cross, either on communion table or on table in chancel. using empty cross, or cross of resurrection, presbyterians emphasize resurrection , christ not continually dying, died once , alive eternity. presbyterian church buildings decorated cross has circle around center, or celtic cross. not emphasized resurrection, acknowledges historical aspects of presbyterianism. baptismal font located either @ entrance or near chancel area. presbyterian architecture makes significant use of symbolism. may find decorative , ornate stained glass windows depicting scenes bible. presbyterian churches have ornate statues of christ or graven scenes last supper located behind chancel. st. giles cathedral ( church of scotland- mother church of presbyterians) have crucifix next 1 of pulpits hangs alongside. image of christ more of faint image , more modern design.