an antara reporter uses wireless telegraphy broadcast dispatch, c. 1948.
the agency s leadership later reorganized. soemanang became antara s managing editor, , while malik became deputy. malik, twenty years old @ time, credited keeping agency alive in years building base of supporters in emerging indigenous middle class. after soemanang left antara in 1938 become director of pergoeroean rakjat network of schools, sipahoetar promoted editor-in-chief, , pandoe kartawigoena became agency s deputy editor-in-chief. sipahoetar later elevated managing editor, left agency in 1939 because of illness. alwi soetan osman, employee of indies ministry of justice, briefly succeeded him managing editor before being replaced pandoe kartawigoena.
when japanese forces took control of indies in 1942, empire s dōmei tsushin news agency established branch office in jakarta. antara renamed yashima on 29 may, , absorbed dōmei news network 3 months later. press activity flourished dōmei opened offices in major cities throughout java. when indonesia s independence proclaimed on 17 august 1945, adam malik obtained copy of text , dictated telephone colleagues @ agency. resulting news bulletin slipped past japanese censors , broadcast throughout dōmei s newswire network. dōmei officials attempted retract bulletin, courier able deliver copy of proclamation using agency s name hōsō kanrikyoku radio station in midst of confusion. antara assumed control of dōmei s local network when japanese surrendered allied forces weeks later , reopened under private management on 3 september.
antara s leading journalists saw need agency establish additional branches outside jakarta. sjahroedin, former editor @ dōmei, opened 1 of these offices in british singapore in february 1946. branch received no funding newly formed indonesian government , housed in three-story building in raffles place. goal break dutch or allied monopoly on news indonesia , when local british authorities did not recognize indonesia independent government.
national news agency
after dutch relinquished of possessions in indies in 1962, indonesian government began mobilizing mass media in efforts build unified nation. president sukarno released executive decree reorganized antara national news agency institute (lembaga kantor berita nasional, or lkbn) under increased government control. within 3 weeks of reorganization on 24 september, antara merged 3 other existing news agencies: indonesian press bureau (pia), asian press board (apb), , indonesian national press , publicity service (inps).
antara office in jakarta, 1971
antara received financial assistance government , placed directly under president s control, giving him authority appoint agency s managing director , editor-in-chief. antara s position in structure of government resulted in confusion on ownership , control, shifting editorial views in coming decades. sukarno pursued increasingly leftist policies, conservative media accused antara explicitly partisan reporting. following removal office, subsequent government used agency further policies, prompting criticism liberal media.
an abortive coup in 1965, blamed on communist party of indonesia , allies, left antara under military command. one-third of editorial staff dismissed, , many journalists sympathetic communist party killed in subsequent anti-communist purge. after suharto assumed presidency in following year, agency produced many of news reports based on official government sources. independent news outlets published stories on politically sensitive topics if had been reported antara in order avoid sanctions should stories found offensive government leaders. although government released decree affirming freedom of press, news publishers had obtain permit publish (surat izin terbit) ministry of information , permit print (surat izin cetak) military security authority kopkamtib. ensured suppression of publications militant views.
suharto resigned presidency in 1998, , licensing requirements media organizations lifted following september number of authorized publications surged 289 to on 2,000 in span of 16 months. antara attempted reinvent image of independent news agency amid wave of political reforms, there allegations of continued bias toward policies of suharto s successor b. j. habibie. president abdurrahman wahid later sacked agency s managing director, parni hadi, , accused him of dominating news agency , trying turn antara private company . hadi s replacement, appointed post without journalism experience, tasked make agency more independent.
in 2007, antara removed control of presidency , reorganized private state-owned enterprise. had experienced financial losses in recent years , sought rp 450 billion (us$ 50 million) bailout government in following year in order modernize agency s business capabilities goal of becoming independent business entity.
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