Work Filippo Lussana

1 work

1.1 physiology of pain
1.2 studies on brain , nerve centers
1.3 physiology of language , physiological alphabet
1.4 sounds, colors , tastes
1.5 maize , pellagra
1.6 other scientific works
1.7 literary works

work

lussana became involved in physiology @ time when study of discipline declining in italy, , in isolated area gandino, pupil of bartolomeo panizza did not have school or laboratory. lussana physiology discipline in own right , not complement anatomy. understood importance of comparative anatomy in application issues of physiology. building on field experience doctor, able originate , elaborate general , original concepts. publications reported in italy , abroad, contributing deepening of physiological research.

physiology of pain

lussana published book on physiology of pain in 1859, dedicating paolo mantegazza, later write own book on subject. lussana distinguished mental , physical pain. 1 derived intellect , may affect body, while other derived body , may affects intellect. gave examples statue of laocoön , painting of mary in michelangelo s last judgement . similarly, contrasted frenzy , fury of hercules described ovid pain of count ugolino of dante.

studies on brain , nerve centers

in essay study program on physiology of nervous system (1851), lussana anticipates more precise demonstration of paul broca on location of language centers of brain. lussana presents case of patient loss of articulate speech result of injury skull, , recovery of same after removal of bone fragments brain region. in 1853 had opportunity attend along young man cancer of cerebellum, publishing observations on physiology of organ ( pathology of cerebellum , milan, 1856). studying origin of vertigo, lussana shows importance of coordinating function of brain, emphasizing how sensations of muscles, sight , hearing necessary regulate movements ( monograph of dizziness , milan 1858) study on muscle sense contributed understanding of part played cerebellum in balance, provided basis later studies luigi luciani on organ.

physiology of language , physiological alphabet

continuing studies on physiology of language, lussana tried explain physiological relationship graphics of numbers , letters. questioned necessity of decimal system , figures of roman , arabic numerals. finally, in essay physiological alphabet provided evidence codify language result of physiology , anatomy of human brain, , therefore same languages, proposed @ time voltaire. going on study facial expressions, lussana challenged art , science, trying explain different expressions related emotions , passions.

sounds, colors , tastes

his hobby painter made lussana interested in perception of color. lussana stated language of color innate , not learned, , demonstrated existence of natural relationship between emotions , colors. in perhaps anticipated kandinsky. 1 of pioneers of concept of colored hearing considered foundation creativity based on studies of music of age. color , sound vibrations related, , related newton s 7 intervals of solar spectrum 7 tones of musical scale.

in 1865 lussana published paper under pseudonym of filinto called lettere di fisiologia morale dei colori (letters on moral physiology of colors). introduced concept of language of colors, , explained synesthesia of color , hearing based on isaac newton s theory of sound , color. in view, given in more detail in 1873 paper, lights rays followed optic nerves optic thalamus, converted sensations, , area in third frontal cerebral convolution became ideas. area connected center of language, area handled sounds, , both types of vibration converted emotions.

concerning hearing, lussana argues auditory vertigo, disorder of movements of head , body, due lesion of semicircular canals, because victim cannot perceive direction of sounds ( semicircular canals , vertigo of meniere , naples 1891). flavors, lussana notes bitter taste perceived on of tongue, sweet on tip, sour , salty @ edges ( innervation of taste .)

maize , pellagra

filippo lussana among important observers of pellagra. in paper published in milan in 1856 lussana , carlo frua stated (and accurately), our hypothesis pellagra originates , prolifierates whenever diet lacks protein (nitrogenous substance). lussana , frua said protein content of corn 12%, , below level needed health. in fact, protein level lower. admitting did not understand details of physiological mechanisms, maintained pellagra crisis differed historical food crises since stemmed lack of protein rather lack of calories.

lussana found direct relationship between disease , diet of corn deficient in albumin , nitrogen, such grew in bergamo. fought views pellagra due toxins or infectious disease, stating: italy country eminently agricultural , recover pellagra when government protects agriculture . in 1862 lussana published polemical article in italian gazette addressed professor paolo mantegazza. mantegazza had visited people of central , south america, finding no trace of pellagra, diet of corn, , argued therefore exclusive food use of corn not main , cause of disease. lussana challenged on basis level of protein in plant modified climate , soil fertilization, comparative study shows corn of vertova , gandino showed lower values french, reiterating lack of albumin in food cause of pellagra endemic in areas.

other scientific works

in booklet coffee (1872) lussana traces history of drink, analyzing emergence , spread of places of production , statistical data on main producing countries (brazil, puerto rico, west indies). includes long list of citations , judgments , bad coffee, reporting objectively both negative , positive opinions. in 1874 lussana , pietro albertoni published lengthy article in lo sperimentale effects of alcohol , related substances on various animals, detailing extensive experiments had conducted in padua. lussana against tax on salt. in letter count alessio suardo in 1881 underlined necessity of sodium chloride in tissues , blood, need adequate presence in common food , physiological , therapeutic uses, concluding in favor of gradual elimination of tax on salt.

in paper human , comparative anatomy of cerebral convolutions (padua, 1886) lussana, within pseudo-sciences of physiognomy , phrenology, studies anatomical correspondence in brains of violent men, noting anatomy vary inclinations , psychological attitudes of subjects. in informative 1888 volume exercise , rest lussana deals relationship between physical activity , intellectual laziness. stressing importance of labor, speaks of physical education greece onward, highlighting need rest after physical action.

literary works

lussana had great respect arts. wrote

in slow , tiring journey humanity travels arrive @ acquisition of truth, intuitive genius of fine arts precedes science, not come until later, explain , illuminate inspiration of art.

in 1878 lussana published physiological lesson dante (1878), text of lecture had given @ royal academy of sciences, letters , arts of padua on 20 may 1877. lussana defined dante great physiologist based on purgatory xxv, poet explains aristotelico-thomistic views on generation. lussana attributed dante role of precursor of darwin s theory of evolution, saying dante anticipated modern discovery showing during life of embryo more advanced animals first develop organs have in common more primitive organisms.

despite large number of lussana s scientific publications, found time engage in number of literary works, written without study, dispute between classical , romantic times. in arduino , poem of 4 verses in imitation of canton of roland of ludovico ariosto, lussana glorifies lombard hero arduino of ivrea, seen champion of revolt against henry ii, holy roman emperor.

with tragic drama brasmina, lussana follows example of songs of ossian james macpherson. thus, poetic romance filiberto, , 3 songs disease, escape, revenge. there followed anonymous poetic romance patriotic inspiration published in 1865 in parma. adalbert of ivrea historical novel in lussana takes opportunity of psychological study of unrestrained , unconventional amorous passion. there romanze, 12 short verses in lussana describes war , love, sacred drama of homeland , history, family, betrayal , discord among italians.

in 1866 released anonymous poem dedicated italian war of 1860.

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