sheriffdoms identical shires of scotland, originating in twelfth century. until eighteenth century office of sheriff hereditary, ended following unsuccessful jacobite rising of 1745. heritable jurisdictions act 1747 revested government of shires in crown, compensating office holders displaced. sheriffs (scotland) act 1747 reduced office of sheriff principal largely ceremonial one, sheriff depute or sheriff substitute appointed each county, shire or stewartry . sheriff deputes, paid salary crown, qualified advocates , took charge of sheriff courts. nineteenth century office of sheriff principal additional title held lord lieutenant of county , circuit courts (scotland) act 1828 redesignated sheriff deputes sheriffs .
the sheriffs act of 1747 began grouping of 2 or more counties under single sheriffdom. process continued 1975 there 12 sheriffdoms county of lanarkshire not combined.
since 1975
new boundaries defined sheriffdoms in reference regions, districts , islands areas created on 16 may 1975. reduced number of sheriffdoms six.
the sheriffdoms redefined again effect 1 april 1996, when new local government areas created. boundaries of 4 sheriffdoms unchanged. boundaries of other 2 altered, transfer area around chryston sheriffdom of glasgow , strathkelvin sheriffdom of south strathclyde, dumfries , galloway. elsewhere boundaries redefined reference new local authority areas , electoral wards.
each sheriffdom has full-time sheriff principal. sheriffdoms divided sheriff court districts, each 1 or more sheriff.
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