1 political activity
1.1 yabloko
1.2 people movement
1.3 involvement in 2011 parliamentary election , 2011–13 russian protests
1.4 party
1.5 moscow mayoral candidacy
1.6 rpr-parnas , democratic coalition
1.7 presidential election 2018
political activity
yabloko
in 2000, following announcement of new law raise electoral threshold state duma elections, navalny joined russian united democratic party yabloko. according navalny, law stacked against yabloko , union of right forces, , decided join, though not big fan of either organization. in 2001, listed member of party. in 2002, elected regional council of moscow branch of yabloko. in 2003, headed moscow subdivision of election campaign of party parliamentary election held in december. in april 2004, navalny became chief of staff of moscow branch of yabloko, remained until february 2007. in 2004, became deputy chief of moscow branch of party. in 2006–07, member of federal council of party.
in august 2005, navalny incorporated social council of central administrative okrug of moscow, created prior moscow city duma election held later year, in took part candidate. in november, 1 of initiators of youth public chamber, intended younger politicians take part in legislative initiatives.
at same time, in 2005, navalny started youth social movement, named da! – democratic alternative . project not connected yabloko (nor other political party). within movement, navalny participated in number of projects. in particular, 1 of organizers of movement-run political debates, got resonance in media. navalny organized television debates via state-run moscow channel tv center; 2 initial episodes showed high ratings, show canceled. according navalny, authorities prohibited people receiving tv coverage.
in late 2006, navalny appealed moscow city hall, asking grant permission conduct nationalist 2006 russian march. he, however, added yabloko condemned ethnic or racial hatred , xenophobia , called on police oppose fascist, nazi, xenophobic manifestations . navalny observer during organizing committee meetings; named organizer march in media, denied.
in july 2007, navalny resigned post of deputy chief of moscow branch of party. then, had founded nationalist movement, people (see below). during party council in december 2007, navalny publicly demanded immediate resignation of party chairman , deputies, , re-election of @ least 70% of bureau . consequently expelled yabloko causing political damage party; in particular, nationalist activities . navalny declared actual rationale behind exclusion demand of resignation grigory yavlinsky, leader of party @ moment.
people movement
on june 23, 2007, navalny co-founded new political movement, named people , upheld positions of democratic nationalism , defined fight democracy , rights of ethnic russians; according navalny s biographer, navalny differentiates ethnic , social aspects of term, highlighting latter. (in russian, nation commonly defined social term, while nationality seen related ethnicity.)
in june 2008, movement joined forces 2 other russian nationalist movements, movement against illegal immigration (maii) , great russia, form new coalition, russian national movement. navalny declared movement participate in next parliamentary elections, planning great share of votes; added, 60% of population upholds spontaneous nationalism, not legally effectuated . later same month, maii , people signed cooperation agreement; @ procedure, defined new political nationalism democratic, fundamentally , statistically , adding, can teach blatant liberals thing or 2 . declared wanted distance coalition skinheads, calling close collaboration leftists , liberals fair elections coalition win , , demanded political liberalization , parliamentary elections in russia.
in 2011, navalny admitted movement people did not establish working structure.
involvement in 2011 parliamentary election , 2011–13 russian protests
navalny @ courthouse, december 6, 2011
in december 2011, after parliamentary elections , accusations of electoral fraud, around 6,000 people gathered in moscow protest on contested result, , 300 arrested including navalny. after period of uncertainty, navalny produced @ court , thereafter sentenced maximum 15 days defying government official . alexei venediktov, editor-in-chief of echo of moscow radio station, called arrest political mistake: jailing navalny transforms him online leader offline 1 . navalny kept in same prison several other activists, including ilya yashin , sergei udaltsov, unofficial leader of vanguard of red youth, radical russian communist youth group. udaltsov has gone on hunger strike protest against conditions.
navalny @ moscow rally, 10 march 2012
navalny arrested on december 5, convicted , sentenced 15 days in jail. since arrest, blog has become available in english.
in profile published day after release, bbc news described navalny arguably major opposition figure emerge in russia in past 5 years .
on release on december 20, navalny called on russians unite against putin, navalny said try snatch victory in presidential election, held on march 4, 2012.
navalny told reporters on release senseless him run in presidential elections because kremlin not allow them fair. said if free elections held, ready run. on december 24, helped lead demonstration larger post-election 1 (50,000 strong, in 1 western-media account), telling crowd, see enough people take kremlin right .
in march 2012, after putin elected president, navalny helped lead anti-putin rally in moscow s pushkin square, attended between 14,000 , 20,000 people. after rally, navalny detained authorities several hours, released.
on may 8, day after putin inaugurated, navalny , udaltsov arrested after anti-putin rally @ clean ponds, , each given 15-day jail sentences. amnesty international designated 2 men prisoners of conscience. on june 11, moscow prosecutors conducted 12-hour search of navalny s home, office , search of apartment of 1 of navalny s relatives. searches undertaken, according rt television network, part of broader investigation clashes between opposition activists , riot police happened on may 6. afterwards, of navalny s personal emails posted online pro-government blogger.
party
on june 26, 2012, announced navalny s comrades establish new political party based on e-democracy; navalny declared did not plan participate in project @ moment. on july 31, filed document register organizing committee of future party; party named people s alliance . party declared centrist; 1 of then-current leaders of party , navalny s ally vladimir ashurkov explained intended party large share of voters. however, @ moment, party did not have comprehensive ideology. party limit number of members 500. navalny said concept of political parties outdated , , added participation make maintaining party more difficult. however, blessed party , discussed maintenance leaders. they, in turn, stated wanted see navalny member of party. party planned use activity of members in media , internet massive advantage. ashurkov said expected party official registration during spring 2013.
on december 15, 2012, party held founding congress; navalny expressed support party, saying, people’s alliance party , again refused join it, citing criminal cases against him. party announced planned reforms on judiciary , law enforcements, partial transition of presidential powers parliament, , limiting migration country. on april 10, 2013, party filed documents official registration of party. on april 30, registration of party suspended. party held second congress correct violations proclaimed ministry of justice. on july 5, party declined registration; according izvestia, not founders of party present during congress, though papers signed autographs. navalny reacted tweet saying, [...] salvo of guns . (on same day, spoke last words before kirovles trial.) following mayoral election, on september 15, navalny declared join and, possibly, head party. on november 17, party held founding congress; navalny elected leader of party.
navalny meeting supporters in sokolniki park in moscow, 25 august 2013
in november 2013, registered party homeland led andrei bogdanov changed name people s alliance ; on november 30, ministry of justice recognized renaming legal. on january 8, 2014, navalny s party filed documents registration second time. on january 20, registration of party suspended; according russian laws, no 2 parties can share name. on february 8, 2014, navalny s party changed name progress party . on february 25, party registered. @ moment had 6 months register regional branches in @ least in half federal subjects of russia; time period prolonged if party appealing court judgment of denial of registration of branch in @ least 1 subject. according dmitri krainev, member of main board of party, party had 15 registered regional branches on august 22, , party informed ministry of justice term prolonged, citing suspension of registration or trials regarding registration of regional branches. on september 24, informed ministry prolongation of term. on september 26, party declared registered 43 regional branches. unnamed source of izvestia in ministry said registrations completed after six-months term not taken in consideration, adding, yes, trials taking place in regions [...] cannot register new branches in other regions during trials, because main term on . navalny s blog countered, our answer simple. six-month term registration has been legally prolonged ad interim prosecution of appeals of denials , registration suspensions .
navalny s election campaign in 2013
on october 2, 2014, party filed documents of registration of 44 regional branches; according krainev, moment, party should have been added list of structures eligible participation in elections. party tried appoint candidates municipal elections in 2 towns in moscow oblast, rejected right so, because not added said list. after that, party tried challenge non-inclusion in list in courts; however, standing has been supported every next court party addressed, latest being moscow city court on march 30, 2015. on february 1, party held convention, navalny stated party preparing 2016 elections, declaring party maintain activity across russia, saying, unabashed work in remote lands opposition not work. can [work] in crimea . candidates party appoint chosen via primary elections; however, added, party s candidates may removed elections. on april 17, party initiated coalition of democratic parties.
on april 28, 2015, party deprived of registration ministry of justice, stated party had not registered required number of regional branches within 6 months after official registration. krainev claimed party eliminated supreme court, , added not trials of registration of regional branches over, calling verdict illegal twice . added, party refer european court of human rights, , expressed confidence party restored , admitted elections. next day, party officially challenged verdict.
moscow mayoral candidacy
on may 30, 2013, sergey sobyanin, mayor of moscow, argued elected major advantage city compared appointed one, , on june 4, announced meet president vladimir putin , ask him snap election, mentioning muscovites agree governor elections should take place in city of moscow , surrounding moscow oblast simultaneously. on june 6, request granted, , next day, moscow city duma appointed election on september 8, national voting day.
navalny in front of electorate, asking muscovites vote him in august 2013
on june 3, navalny announced run post. become official candidate, need either seventy thousand signatures of muscovites or pegged office registered party, , collect 110 signatures of municipal deputies 110 different subdivisions (three quarters of moscow s 146). navalny chose pegged party, rpr-parnas (which did peg him, move sharpened relations within party; after 1 of 3 co-chairmen , original founder, vladimir ryzhkov, had left party, said had been 1 of signs party being stolen him ). among 6 candidates officially registered such, 2 (sobyanin , communist ivan melnikov) able collect required number of signatures themselves, , other 4 given number of signatures council of municipal formations, following recommendation sobyanin, overcome requirement (navalny accepted 49 signatures, , other candidates accepted 70, 70, , 82 ones).
on july 17, navalny registered 1 of 6 candidates moscow mayoral election. however, on july 18, sentenced five-year prison term embezzlement , fraud charges declared in 2012. several hours after sentencing, pulled out of race , called boycott of election. however, later day, prosecution office requested accused should freed on bail , travel restrictions, since verdict had not yet taken legal effect, saying had followed restrictions, navalny mayoral candidate, , imprisonment not comply rule equal access electorate. on return moscow after being freed pending appeal, vowed stay in race. washington post has speculated release ordered kremlin in order make election , sobyanin appear more legitimate.
navalny s campaign based on fundraising: out of 103.4 million rubles (approximately $3.09 million of election day), total size of electoral fund, 97.3 million ($2.91 million) transferred individuals throughout russia; such number unprecedented in russia. achieved high profile through unprecedentedly large campaign organization involved around 20,000 volunteers passed out leaflets , hung banners, several campaign rallies day around city; main driving force campaign. new yorker described resulted campaign miracle , along navalny s release on july 19, fundraising campaign, , personality of navalny himself. campaign received little television coverage , did not utilize billboards. navalny s strong campaign (and sobyanin s weak one), result grew on time, weakening sobyanin s, , in end of campaign, declared runoff election (to conducted in none of candidates receives @ least 50% of votes) hair s breadth away .
the largest sociological companies predicted (levada center 1 not have made predictions; data had on august 28, however, falls in line other companies ) sobyanin win election, scoring 58% 64% of vote; expected navalny receive 15–20% of vote, , turnout 45–52%. final results of voting showed navalny received 27.24% of vote, more candidates appointed parties received second, third, fourth, , fifth highest results during 2011 parliamentary elections, altogether. navalny fared better in center , southwest of moscow, have higher income , education levels. however, sobyanin received 51.37% of vote, meant won election. turnout 32.03%. companies explained differences arose fact sobyanin s electorate did not vote, feeling candidate guaranteed win. navalny s campaign office s measures predicted sobyanin score 49–51%, , navalny 24–26% of votes.
navalny s meeting @ bolotnaya square in moscow, 9 september 2013
many experts said election had been fair, number of irregularities had been lower of other elections held within country, , irregularities had had little effect on result. dmitri abyzalov, leading expert of center of political conjuncture, added low turnout figures provide further sign of fairness of election, because shows not overestimated. however, according andrei buzin, co-chairman of golos association, state departments of social security added people did not want vote lists of vote @ home, number of such voters being 4.5% of voted, , added did cause questions if sobyanin score 50% if did not take place. dmitry oreshkin, leader of people s election commission project (who did separate counting based on data election observers; result sobyanin 49.7%), said runoff election 1.5% away, details looked @ closely, , added impossible prove juridically.
percentages of muscovites voted navalny during election
on september 9, day following election, navalny publicly denounced tally, saying, not recognize results. fake . sobyanin s office rejected offer of vote recount. on september 12, navalny addressed moscow city court overturn result of poll; court rejected assertion. navalny challenged decision in supreme court of russia, court ruled election results legitimate.
rpr-parnas , democratic coalition
following mayoral election, navalny offered position of fourth co-chairman of rpr-parnas. however, navalny made no public reaction.
in 2014, russia s political landscape changed dramatically: following euromaidan demonstrations , civil unrest in kiev, resulted in establishment of new pro-eu president , government, countering wave of protests , civil unrest started in southern , eastern ukraine, , in crimea, volunteer force of self-defense of crimea announced referendum, question was, whether crimea should join russian federation or not. (later, putin publicly declared self-defense forces composed of russian military.) following referendum, crimea de facto became part of russia. sociological center marked fact putin s rating skyrocketing: 29% (among respondents, including unsure or not vote) in january 2014, rose 49% in april 2014, figure transform 81% if unsure or not willing vote excluded.
on november 14, 2014, 2 remaining rpr-parnas co-chairmen, boris nemtsov , former prime minister of russia mikhail kasyanov, declared right moment create wide coalition of political forces, favor european choice ; navalny s progress party seen 1 of potential participants. however, on february 27, 2015, nemtsov shot dead. prior assassination, nemtsov worked on project of coalition (in navalny , khodorkovsky become co-chairmen of rpr-parnas; navalny declared merging parties invoke bureaucratic difficulties , question legitimacy of party s right participate in federal elections without signatures collecting); murder accelerated work, , on april 17, navalny declared wide discussion had taken place among progress party, rpr-parnas, , other closely aligned parties, resulted in agreement of formation of new electoral bloc between 2 leaders. thereafter, signed 4 other parties , supported khodorkovsky s open russia foundation. electoral blocs not present within current law system of russia, realized via means of single party, rpr-parnas, not eligible participation in statewide elections, not required collect citizens signatures right participate in state duma elections scheduled september 2016 regional parliament mandate taken nemtsov. candidates rpr-parnas appoint chosen via primary elections.
protesters marching along moscow s tverskaya street, 26 march 2017
the coalition claimed have collected enough citizens signatures registration in 4 regions aimed for. however, in 1 region, coalition declare signatures , personal data have been altered malevolent collectors; signatures in other regions have been rejected regional election commissions. Сomplaints have been issued central election commission of russia, after coalition has been registered participant in regional election in 1 of 3 contested regions, kostroma oblast. according source of gazeta.ru close kremlin , presidential administration saw coalition s chances low, yet wary, restoration in 1 region occurred parnas score consolation goal . according official election results, coalition scored 2.28% of votes, not enough overcome 5% threshold; party admitted election lost.
presidential election 2018
on december 13, 2016 navalny announced entry presidential race.
on february 8, 2017 leninsky district court of kirov repeated sentence of 2013 (which annulled after decision of echr, ruled russia had violated navalny s right fair trial, see kirovles case) , charged him five-year suspended sentence. sentence, if comes force , remains valid, might prohibit future official registration of navalny candidate. navalny announced pursue annulment of sentence contradicts decision of echr. moreover, navalny announced presidential campaign proceed independently of courts decisions. referred russian constitution (article 32), deprives 2 groups of citizens of right elected: recognized court legally unfit , kept in places of confinement court sentence. according economist, navalny chief threat vladimir putin in 2018 election.
on march 26, 2017, navalny organized series of anti-corruption rallies in different cities across russia. appeal responded representatives of 95 russian cities, , 4 cities abroad: london, prague, basel , bonn.
on april 27, 2017, navalny attacked unknown assailants outside office in anti-corruption foundation. sprayed mixture of brilliant green, possibly other components face (see zelyonka attack). reportedly lost 80 percent of sight in right eye. navalny accused kremlin of orchestrating attack.
on 7 july 2017, released jail after spending 25 days of imprisonment. before that, arrested in moscow participating in protests , sentenced 30 days in jail organizing illegal protests.
on september 6, 2017 human rights watch accused russian police systematic interference navalny s presidential campaign. “the pattern of harassment , intimidation against navalny’s campaign undeniable,” said hugh williamson, europe , central asia director @ human rights watch. “russian authorities should let navalny’s campaigners work without undue interference , investigate attacks against them ultra-nationalists , pro-government groups.”
on september 21, 2017 committee of ministers of council of europe invited russian authorities, in connection kirovles case use urgently further avenues erase prohibition on mr navalnyy’s standing election .
on october 2, 2017, navalny sentenced 20 days in jail calls participate in protests without approval state authorities .
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