alan shepard aboard freedom 7
the criteria constitutes human spaceflight vary. fédération aéronautique internationale (fai) sporting code astronautics recognizes flights exceed altitude of 100 kilometers (62 mi). in united states, professional, military, , commercial astronauts travel above altitude of 50 miles (80 km) awarded astronaut wings.
as of 17 november 2016, total of 552 people 36 countries have reached 100 km (62 mi) or more in altitude, of 549 reached low earth orbit or beyond. of these, 24 people have traveled beyond low earth orbit, either lunar orbit, lunar surface, or in 1 case loop around moon; 3 of 24 did twice: jim lovell, john young , eugene cernan. 3 astronauts have not reached low earth orbit spaceplane pilots joe walker, mike melvill, , brian binnie.
as of 17 november 2016, under u.s. definition 558 people qualify having reached space, above 50 miles (80 km) altitude. of 8 x-15 pilots exceeded 50 miles (80 km) in altitude, 1 exceeded 100 kilometers (about 62 miles).
space travelers have spent on 41,790 man-days (114.5 man-years) in space, including on 100 astronaut-days of spacewalks. of 2016, man longest cumulative time in space gennady padalka, has spent 879 days in space. peggy a. whitson holds record time in space woman, 377 days.
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